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Introduction to transformers
Transformers are the electrical devices used to change the voltage of supplied power to meet consumer demand for electricity. It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to alter current from one value to another, regardless of whether the unit voltage is lower or higher.
The device is made up of a soft iron coil that is wound around the other two coils. The three coils are separated from each other. The primary winding is the one to which alternating current is supplied. It is also known as the primary coil while. With the help of alternating current supplied to the primary winding, a changing magnetic field is produced around it at the moment the alternating potential is supplied.
On the basis of voltage turns and winding turns, transformers are classified as Step-Up and Step-Down. The basic difference between stepping up and stepping down occurs due to the different number of turns of voltage and winding in the coils. Both types of devices can be used instead of each other.
step-down transformers
These types of transformers normally have fewer turns on the secondary voltage compared to the primary voltage. The device is used to reduce the voltage, turns on the secondary winding and converts the high voltage and low power current to low voltage. They are used in both domestic and industrial applications. The best example of its application is doorbells. The hoods require low voltage for the operational process while the supply is high. The step-down transformer, depending on its operation, reduces the voltage to continue with the process of the bells. A step-down transformer is also used as a step-up when the operation is reversed.
step-up transformers
Step-up transformers are directly opposite to step-down transformers in application and principle. This device has more turns in the secondary winding than in the primary winding. It is widely used to convert low voltage and high current power into high voltage. Therefore, the supplied voltage is now distributed equally through the use of the device. For example, an X-ray machine needs more voltage to operate, but the required supply is less than the actual supply. The transformer is used to provide high voltage to run the machine. They are also used as step-down transformers at crisis time.